How to use Ultrasonic Sensors

We’ve all had fun shouting into a cave or large space and hearing our voice coming back to us at some point during our childhood. And if you’re like me, a fully grown adult who still does it now and then, it’s still pretty fun. The reason behind this is fairly simple. A sound is merely a wave of pressure moving through the air at approximately 340 metres/second (m/s). It’s a mechanical wave, which means that it will bounce off objects. The further away from you the objects are, the longer it takes for your voice to reach them, and then to bounce back to your ears. This principle has been understood for a long time now, and many things around us are built on that same principle. Including ultrasonic sensors.

Ultrasonic sensors, whilst fancy and high-tech, are fairly simple devices. They emit sounds waves, wait for them to bounce off objects, then measure the time it took for the wave to be picked up by the receiver. If you half that time (it has to go out and back), you get the time it took for the wave to reach the object you’re measuring. By using the fact that sound travels through air at 340m/s, you can accurately measure the distance from an object.

Full tutorial https://core-electronics.com.au/tutorials/how-to-use-ultrasonic-sensors.html

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